Abstract

Background Porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM) is a commonly used xenogeneic wound dressing, but its natural structure is not conducive to cell infiltration and angiogenesis. In this study, we fabricated micro-structured porcine acellular dermal matrix (MPADM) by adopting a microstructural modification strategy, aiming to enhance the application potential of PADM in deep burn wound repair. Methods Adopting laser engraving technology, biomimetic microstructures were constructed on the dermal surface of PADM, and medical silica gel was used to reconstruct the epidermal layer on the epidermal surface, resulting in MPADM. Through multiple methods, the microstructures of MPADM were observed, and its physicochemical properties were verified. Cell experiments confirmed the cytocompatibility of MPADM and the chemotaxis of its microstructures on cell growth. Animal experiments validated its inductive vascularization capacity and wound coverage effect. Results Regular groove structures were formed on the dermal surface of MPADM, which improved the material's water absorption capacity and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) while maintaining good mechanical strength. The proliferation and migration of HUVECs and HSFs on MPADM showed an obvious aggregation tendency towards the grooves. Animal experiments demonstrated that the MPADM group exhibited faster cell infiltration and growth in the wound bed, enhanced vascularization capacity, and a lower level of inflammatory response. Conclusion Microstructural modification can effectively improve the physicochemical properties and bioactivity of PADM, and MPADM exhibits great potential in promoting the repair of deep burn wounds. This microstructural modification strategy provides a new perspective for the functionalization of traditional xenogeneic skin materials.