Abstract

Emerging evidence suggests a critical interplay between glycolysis and DNA damage repair (DDR) during tumor progression. However, the precise molecular mechanisms coordinating these processes remain unclear. This study reveals a previously unrecognized role of the platelet isoform of phosphofructokinase-1 (PFKP) in homologous recombination (HR) repair. Our investigations demonstrated that ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase phosphorylates PFKP at residue T278, promoting its transition from tetramers to dimers in response to ionizing radiation (IR) and high glucose (HG) stimulation. The nuclear localized dimeric PFKP recruits casein kinase 2 (CK2), which subsequently phosphorylates RAD51 at residue T13, thereby enhancing the RAD51-BRCA2 interaction and HR efficiency. Clinically, PFKP exhibits significant nuclear accumulation in diabetes-associated malignancies. Importantly, simultaneous targeting of glycolysis and the HR pathway increases tumor sensitivity to radiotherapy. These findings elucidate the pivotal role of PFKP as a metabolic molecular switch that balances glycolysis and DDR, offering new perspectives for the development of metabolically targeted anticancer strategies.