土壤动物可独立于微生物α多样性加速Cry1Ac转基因玉米残留物分解：一项多年期多区域田间研究

Abstract

The return of Bt transgenic maize litter to farmland may affect soil fauna and litter decomposition. From 2015 to 2018, we carried out a multi-year, multi-region litterbag experiment in three major maize-growing regions of China usingCry1Actransgenic maize Bt-799 and its non-transgenic hybrid. We used litterbags with mesh sizes of 5, 2, and 0.02 mm to control soil fauna access. Soil fauna communities and litter decomposition rates were examined in all regions, and bacterial and fungal communities were additionally examined in the third year at Gongzhuling. The results showed that the introduction ofBtgene had no significant effect on soil fauna community composition, microbial α-diversity, or litter decomposition. Decomposition rates were significantly higher in large- and medium-mesh litterbags than in small-mesh litterbags across all regions and years, demonstrating that soil fauna substantially accelerated litter decomposition. Soil fauna abundance was significantly positively correlated with decomposition rate (r = 0.847,p< 0.001), whereas maize variety and microbial α-diversity indices showed no significant correlation. These findings indicate that soil fauna promote litter decomposition ofCry1Actransgenic maize, with no detectable association with microbial α-diversity, and that theBtgene has no detectable effect on the measured soil biological processes.